Yellow Lums are the most important of all Lums. They, along with the red, blue, and Purple Lums, created the god Polokus, who went on to create the Glade of Dreams. There are exactly 1000 Yellow Lums in existence; when united (which seems to be their natural state), they form the Heart of the World, which was shattered into its constituent Yellow Lums by the Robo-Pirate army prior to the beginning of Rayman 2. Rayman collected all 1000 of them throughout the course of this game; the Heart (which contains them) is seen again in the Fairy Council in Rayman 3.

There is some evidence to suggest that the Great Protoon and the Heart of the World are in fact the same object; the reason for its differing appearance in Rayman and Rayman 3 may be its destruction by the Robo-Pirates and its subsequent reconstruction by Rayman and the Teensies. If this is true, then the 1000 Yellow Lums (in the form of the Great Protoon) actually appeared in Rayman.

If enough Yellow Lums are collected, the collector can find out secrets of the world.

In most versions of the second game, a type of Lum called a Super Yellow Lum can be found. It resembles a larger Yellow Lum, with a grinning face. When Rayman collects one, it counts as five normal Yellow Lums, suggesting that Super Yellow Lums are formed of five Yellow Lums joined together, in the same fashion that the Heart of the World is formed of 1000 Yellow Lums. In Rayman Revolution, each of the 1000 Yellow Lums must be found separately; there are no Super Yellow Lums. They can also be found in the Gameboy Color remake of Rayman 2. They instead have a value of ten Yellow Lums.

In most versions of Rayman 2, Razorbeard eats a Yellow Lum during a cutscene. This causes the total Yellow Lum counter on the heads-up display to decrease from 1000 to 999. This Lum, however, can later be found in a secret room in the Tomb of the Ancients. In Rayman Revolution, it is instead found in the same chest as the Lums Radar.

In the PlayStation version, there are only 800 Yellow Lums, which do not give Rayman any knowledge, although it states it does. In this version, the Yellow Lum which Razorbeard eats is replaced by a Red one.